Guías y evidencia
Lo que recomiendan las guías y lo que demuestran los estudios, separando siempre lo aprobado de lo que se investiga.
Todas las fuentes citadas en el ESPACIO, en formato Vancouver, con DOI y PMID verificados, filtrables por tema y descargables para un gestor bibliográfico.
La evidencia en el tiempo: los artículos y guías citados en este ESPACIO, por año (1 anteriores a 1990, fuera del eje)
5101520253012422222454335545101712181516171928202219901995200020052010201520202025La lista se hace sola con lo que citan las páginas de este ESPACIO y se descarga en RIS.
Artículos y guías en PubMed (247)
- ACCORD Study Group, Cushman WC, Evans GW, Byington RP, Goff DC Jr, Grimm RH Jr, et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(17):1575-85. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1001286 · PMID 20228401C8
- Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study Group, Gerstein HC, Miller ME, Byington RP, Goff DC Jr, Bigger JT, et al. Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(24):2545-59. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0802743 · PMID 18539917G2
- ADVANCE Collaborative Group, Patel A, MacMahon S, Chalmers J, Neal B, Billot L, et al. Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(24):2560-72. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0802987 · PMID 18539916C5G2I1
- Agarwal R, Filippatos G, Pitt B, Anker SD, Rossing P, Joseph A, et al. Cardiovascular and kidney outcomes with finerenone in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: the FIDELITY pooled analysis. Eur Heart J. 2022;43(6):474-484. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab777 · PMID 35023547C5C10G2I1
- Agarwal R, Green JB, Heerspink HJL, Mann JFE, McGill JB, Mottl AK, et al. Finerenone with Empagliflozin in Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2025;393(6):533-543. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2410659 · PMID 40470996C5C7C10G2G5I1
- Ajjan RA, Heller SR, Everett CC, Vargas-Palacios A, Higham R, Sharples L, et al. Multicenter Randomized Trial of Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes and Recent-Onset Acute Myocardial Infarction: Results of the LIBERATES Trial. Diabetes Care. 2023;46(2):441-449. doi:10.2337/dc22-1219 · PMID 36516054C9
- American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes. 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(Suppl 1):S216-S245. doi:10.2337/dc26-S010 · PMID 41358899B4B6C4C6C8G1I1
- American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes. 11. Chronic Kidney Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(Suppl 1):S246-S260. doi:10.2337/dc26-S011 · PMID 41358881B4C10
- American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes. 16. Diabetes Care in the Hospital: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(Supplement_1):S339-S355. doi:10.2337/dc26-S016 · PMID 41358892C9G1I1
- American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes. 6. Glycemic Goals, Hypoglycemia, and Hyperglycemic Crises: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(Supplement_1):S132-S149. doi:10.2337/dc26-S006 · PMID 41358894D4H5
- American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes. 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(Suppl 1):S183-S215. doi:10.2337/dc26-S009 · PMID 41358900C4G1I1
- American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes. Summary of Revisions: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(1 Suppl 1):S6-S12. doi:10.2337/dc26-SREV · PMID 41358896G1
- Anker SD, Butler J, Filippatos G, Ferreira JP, Bocchi E, Böhm M, et al. Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(16):1451-1461. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2107038 · PMID 34449189C7I1
- Anselmino M, Bartnik M, Malmberg K, Rydén L, Euro Heart Survey Investigators. Management of coronary artery disease in patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Acute management reasonable but secondary prevention unacceptably poor: a report from the Euro Heart Survey on Diabetes and the Heart. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007;14(1):28-36. doi:10.1097/01.hjr.0000199496.23838.83 · PMID 17301624G3
- Antithrombotic Trialists' (ATT) Collaboration, Baigent C, Blackwell L, Collins R, Emberson J, Godwin J, et al. Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2009;373(9678):1849-60. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60503-1 · PMID 19482214C8
- Antman EM, Anbe DT, Armstrong PW, Bates ER, Green LA, Hand M, et al. ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction--executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 1999 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction). Circulation. 2004;110(5):588-636. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000134791.68010.FA · PMID 15289388B6H4
- Aronne LJ, Sattar N, Horn DB, Bays HE, Wharton S, Lin WY, et al. Continued Treatment With Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults With Obesity: The SURMOUNT-4 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2024;331(1):38-48. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.24945 · PMID 38078870H3
- ASCEND Study Collaborative Group, Bowman L, Mafham M, Wallendszus K, Stevens W, Buck G, et al. Effects of Aspirin for Primary Prevention in Persons with Diabetes Mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(16):1529-1539. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1804988 · PMID 30146931C8G2H1
- Assogba GF, Couchoud C, Roudier C, Pornet C, Fosse S, Romon I, et al. Prevalence, screening and treatment of chronic kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes in France: the ENTRED surveys (2001 and 2007). Diabetes Metab. 2012;38(6):558-66. doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2012.08.004 · PMID 23036461G3
- Authors/Task Force Members, Rydén L, Grant PJ, Anker SD, Berne C, Cosentino F, et al. ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD: the Task Force on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and developed in collaboration with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Eur Heart J. 2013;34(39):3035-87. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht108 · PMID 23996285G1
- Bakris GL, Agarwal R, Anker SD, Pitt B, Ruilope LM, Rossing P, et al. Effect of Finerenone on Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(23):2219-2229. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2025845 · PMID 33264825C5C7C10G2I1
- BARI 2D Study Group, Frye RL, August P, Brooks MM, Hardison RM, Kelsey SF, et al. A randomized trial of therapies for type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(24):2503-15. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0805796 · PMID 19502645C9G2
- Bartnik M, Rydén L, Malmberg K, Ohrvik J, Pyörälä K, Standl E, et al. Oral glucose tolerance test is needed for appropriate classification of glucose regulation in patients with coronary artery disease: a report from the Euro Heart Survey on Diabetes and the Heart. Heart. 2007;93(1):72-7. doi:10.1136/hrt.2005.086975 · PMID 16905628G3
- Baudry G, Biegus J, López-Azor JC, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Cobo-Marcos M, et al. Redefining Cardiometabolic Disease: Expert Consensus on the CardioVascular-Kidney-Liver-Metabolic (CVKLM) Multiorgan Staging. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2026. doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwag563 · PMID 42945405C7H3
- Beckman JA, Creager MA, Libby P. Diabetes and atherosclerosis: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management. JAMA. 2002;287(19):2570-81. doi:10.1001/jama.287.19.2570 · PMID 12020339H1
- Bhatt DL, Cryer BL, Contant CF, Cohen M, Lanas A, Schnitzer TJ, et al. Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(20):1909-17. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1007964 · PMID 20925534C8
- Bhatt DL, Bonaca MP, Bansilal S, Angiolillo DJ, Cohen M, Storey RF, et al. Reduction in Ischemic Events With Ticagrelor in Diabetic Patients With Prior Myocardial Infarction in PEGASUS-TIMI 54. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(23):2732-2740. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.529 · PMID 27046160C8
- Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA, Ketchum SB, et al. Cardiovascular Risk Reduction with Icosapent Ethyl for Hypertriglyceridemia. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(1):11-22. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1812792 · PMID 30415628C8
- Bhatt DL, Eikelboom JW, Connolly SJ, Steg PG, Anand SS, Verma S, et al. Role of Combination Antiplatelet and Anticoagulation Therapy in Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: Insights From the COMPASS Trial. Circulation. 2020;141(23):1841-1854. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046448 · PMID 32223318C8
- Bhatt DL, Szarek M, Pitt B, Cannon CP, Leiter LA, McGuire DK, et al. Sotagliflozin in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(2):129-139. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2030186 · PMID 33200891C5G2
- Bhatt DL, Szarek M, Steg PG, Cannon CP, Leiter LA, McGuire DK, et al. Sotagliflozin in Patients with Diabetes and Recent Worsening Heart Failure. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(2):117-128. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2030183 · PMID 33200892C5G2
- Bi Y, Li M, Liu Y, Li T, Lu J, Duan P, et al. Intensive Blood-Pressure Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2025;392(12):1155-1167. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2412006 · PMID 39555827C8
- Blin P, Joubert M, Jourdain P, Zaoui P, Guiard E, Sakr D, et al. Cardiovascular and renal diseases in type 2 diabetes patients: 5-year cumulative incidence of the first occurred manifestation and hospitalization cost: a cohort within the French SNDS nationwide claims database. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024;23(1):22. doi:10.1186/s12933-023-02101-1 · PMID 38195491G3
- Bonaca MP, Catarig AM, Houlind K, Ludvik B, Nordanstig J, Ramesh CK, et al. Semaglutide and walking capacity in people with symptomatic peripheral artery disease and type 2 diabetes (STRIDE): a phase 3b, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2025;405(10489):1580-1593. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00509-4 · PMID 40169145C5G2G5I1
- Bravo Baptista S, Pires de Morais G, Almeida Morais L, Costa J, Vinhas H, Campos G, et al. Anti-thrombotic and glucose lowering therapy in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease undergoing PCI with stent implantation: A prospective multicenter observational study on prescription patterns and clinical outcomes. Baseline inclusion data of the ARTHEMIS registry. Rev Port Cardiol. 2025;44(9):537-546. doi:10.1016/j.repc.2025.03.006 · PMID 40738464G3
- Brenner BM, Cooper ME, de Zeeuw D, Keane WF, Mitch WE, Parving HH, et al. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(12):861-9. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa011161 · PMID 11565518C10G2
- Butler J, Jones WS, Udell JA, Anker SD, Petrie MC, Harrington J, et al. Empagliflozin after Acute Myocardial Infarction. N Engl J Med. 2024;390(16):1455-1466. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2314051 · PMID 38587237C4C5G2
- Byrne RA, Rossello X, Coughlan JJ, Barbato E, Berry C, Chieffo A, et al. 2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(38):3720-3826. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad191 · PMID 37622654B1B6C4C6C9D1E3G1H4
- Bäck M, Wilhelm M, Marcin T, Machado FVC, Sandberg A, Buccheri S, et al. 2026 ESC Guidelines on cardiac rehabilitation. Eur Heart J. 2026;47(39):5631-5729. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehag099 · PMID 42661418B4C6C8D1D4G1H3
- Cai X, Zhang Y, Li M, Wu JH, Mai L, Li J, et al. Association between prediabetes and risk of all cause mortality and cardiovascular disease: updated meta-analysis. BMJ. 2020;370:m2297. doi:10.1136/bmj.m2297 · PMID 32669282C7H3
- Cannon CP, Pratley R, Dagogo-Jack S, Mancuso J, Huyck S, Masiukiewicz U, et al. Cardiovascular Outcomes with Ertugliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(15):1425-1435. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2004967 · PMID 32966714C5G2I1
- Carrasco-Sánchez FJ, Fernández-Rodríguez JM, Ena J, Gómez-Huelgas R, Carretero-Gómez J, en representación del Grupo de trabajo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición de la Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna. Medical treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Recommendations of the Diabetes, Obesity and Nutrition Group of the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine. Rev Clin Esp. 2021;221(2):101-108. doi:10.1016/j.rce.2020.06.005 · PMID 32674850G1
- Carrasco-Sánchez FJ, Páez-Rubio MI, Arévalo-Lorido JC, Carretero-Gómez J, Conde-Martel A, Epelde F, et al. Changes over time in the association between type 2 diabetes and post-discharge outcomes in decompensated chronic heart failure patients: Findings from the RICA Registry. Rev Clin Esp (Barc). 2022;222(2):63-72. doi:10.1016/j.rceng.2021.04.010 · PMID 34629306G3
- Cascales Guerrero G, Chicharro-Luna E, Cordero A, Barber-Valles X, Flores Pardo E, Salinas Serrano JM, et al. Diabetes, Long-term mortality, and LDL-C target attainment after an acute coronary syndrome: A population-based cohort study (2016-2024). Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2026;242:113602. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2026.113602 · PMID 42880667G3
- Castro Conde A, Marzal Martín D, Campuzano Ruiz R, Fernández Olmo MR, Morillas Ariño C, Gómez Doblas JJ, et al. Comprehensive Cardiovascular and Renal Protection in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Med. 2023;12(12). doi:10.3390/jcm12123925 · PMID 37373620G1
- Cebrián Cuenca A, Cornejo Martin J, Álvarez Guisasola F, Orozco Beltrán D, Quesada JA, Artola Menéndez S, et al. Undiagnosed chronic kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes in Spain: Prevalence, treatment patterns and associated factors in a multicentre cross-sectional study. Prim Care Diabetes. 2026;20(3):298-305. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2026.02.007 · PMID 41741270G3
- Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaborators, Kearney PM, Blackwell L, Collins R, Keech A, Simes J, et al. Efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy in 18,686 people with diabetes in 14 randomised trials of statins: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 2008;371(9607):117-25. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60104-X · PMID 18191683C8
- Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium, Matsushita K, van der Velde M, Astor BC, Woodward M, Levey AS, et al. Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in general population cohorts: a collaborative meta-analysis. Lancet. 2010;375(9731):2073-81. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60674-5 · PMID 20483451H1
- Colhoun HM, Betteridge DJ, Durrington PN, Hitman GA, Neil HA, Livingstone SJ, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;364(9435):685-96. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16895-5 · PMID 15325833C8
- Control Group, Turnbull FM, Abraira C, Anderson RJ, Byington RP, Chalmers JP, et al. Intensive glucose control and macrovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2009;52(11):2288-98. doi:10.1007/s00125-009-1470-0 · PMID 19655124H1
- Correction to: 2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes: Developed by the task force on the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2023;44(48):5060. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad774 · PMID 37989571G1
- Correction to: 2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes: Developed by the task force on the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2024;45(7):518. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad857 · PMID 38247449G1
- Correction to: 2026 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease, in collaboration with the European Renal Association (ERA): Developed by the task force on the management of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2026. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehag884 · PMID 42927774B4B6C8C10G1
- Correction to: 2026 ESC Guidelines on cardiac rehabilitation: Developed by the task force on cardiac rehabilitation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)Endorsed by the European Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ESPRM) and World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA). Eur Heart J. 2026. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehag887 · PMID 42921976G1
- Corrigendum to: 2019 ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(45):4317. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz828 · PMID 31837138G1
- Cosentino F, Cannon CP, Cherney DZI, Masiukiewicz U, Pratley R, Dagogo-Jack S, et al. Efficacy of Ertugliflozin on Heart Failure-Related Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Established Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Results of the VERTIS CV Trial. Circulation. 2020;142(23):2205-2215. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050255 · PMID 33026243C5G2I1
- Cosentino F, Grant PJ, Aboyans V, Bailey CJ, Ceriello A, Delgado V, et al. 2019 ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(2):255-323. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz486 · PMID 31497854G1
- Damman K, Ter Maaten JM, Mayne KJ, Bolignano D, Brown EM, da Costa BR, et al. 2026 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease, in collaboration with the European Renal Association (ERA). Eur Heart J. 2026. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehag098 · PMID 42661426B4B6C2C3C4C5C7C8C10D1D3D4E3G1H1H4H5I1
- Dauriz M, Targher G, Laroche C, Temporelli PL, Ferrari R, Anker S, et al. Association Between Diabetes and 1-Year Adverse Clinical Outcomes in a Multinational Cohort of Ambulatory Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: Results From the ESC-HFA Heart Failure Long-Term Registry. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(5):671-678. doi:10.2337/dc16-2016 · PMID 28255009G3
- Davies MJ, Bain SC, Atkin SL, Rossing P, Scott D, Shamkhalova MS, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide Versus Placebo as Add-on to Glucose-Lowering Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Moderate Renal Impairment (LIRA-RENAL): A Randomized Clinical Trial. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(2):222-30. doi:10.2337/dc14-2883 · PMID 26681713I1
- Davies MJ, Aroda VR, Collins BS, Gabbay RA, Green J, Maruthur NM, et al. Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2022. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care. 2022;45(11):2753-2786. doi:10.2337/dci22-0034 · PMID 36148880G1
- Davies MJ, Aroda VR, Bajaj M, ElSayed NA, Giorgino F, Green J, et al. Correction: Management of type 2 diabetes, 2026. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetologia. 2026. doi:10.1007/s00125-026-06911-2 · PMID 42955083G1
- Davies MJ, Aroda VR, Bajaj M, ElSayed NA, Giorgino F, Green J, et al. Management of type 2 diabetes, 2026. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetologia. 2026. doi:10.1007/s00125-026-06855-7 · PMID 42825923C4C6C7G1I1
- De Backer J, Haugaa KH, Hasselberg NE, de Hosson M, Brida M, Castelletti S, et al. 2025 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease and pregnancy. Eur Heart J. 2025;46(43):4462-4568. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf193 · PMID 40878294C6D1G1I1
- de Boer IH, Khunti K, Sadusky T, Tuttle KR, Neumiller JJ, Rhee CM, et al. Diabetes Management in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Diabetes Care. 2022;45(12):3075-3090. doi:10.2337/dci22-0027 · PMID 36189689G1
- de-Miguel-Yanes JM, Jimenez-Garcia R, Hernandez-Barrera V, de-Miguel-Diez J, Jimenez-Sierra A, Zamorano-León JJ, et al. An observational study of therapeutic procedures and in-hospital outcomes among patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction in Spain, 2016-2022: the role of diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024;23(1):313. doi:10.1186/s12933-024-02403-y · PMID 39182091H2
- Deckert T, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Borch-Johnsen K, Jensen T, Kofoed-Enevoldsen A. Albuminuria reflects widespread vascular damage. The Steno hypothesis. Diabetologia. 1989;32(4):219-26. doi:10.1007/BF00285287 · PMID 2668076H1
- Dormandy JA, Charbonnel B, Eckland DJ, Erdmann E, Massi-Benedetti M, Moules IK, et al. Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macroVascular Events): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005;366(9493):1279-89. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67528-9 · PMID 16214598C5G2I1
- Duckworth W, Abraira C, Moritz T, Reda D, Emanuele N, Reaven PD, et al. Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(2):129-39. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0808431 · PMID 19092145G2
- Eikelboom JW, Connolly SJ, Bosch J, Dagenais GR, Hart RG, Shestakovska O, et al. Rivaroxaban with or without Aspirin in Stable Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(14):1319-1330. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1709118 · PMID 28844192C8
- Erdmann E, Charbonnel B, Wilcox RG, Skene AM, Massi-Benedetti M, Yates J, et al. Pioglitazone use and heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes and preexisting cardiovascular disease: data from the PROactive study (PROactive 08). Diabetes Care. 2007;30(11):2773-8. doi:10.2337/dc07-0717 · PMID 17666462C5G2I1
- Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvadó J, Covas MI, Corella D, Arós F, et al. Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterranean Diet Supplemented with Extra-Virgin Olive Oil or Nuts. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(25):e34. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1800389 · PMID 29897866C8
- Farkouh ME, Domanski M, Sleeper LA, Siami FS, Dangas G, Mack M, et al. Strategies for multivessel revascularization in patients with diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(25):2375-84. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1211585 · PMID 23121323C9G2
- Farkouh ME, Domanski M, Dangas GD, Godoy LC, Mack MJ, Siami FS, et al. Long-Term Survival Following Multivessel Revascularization in Patients With Diabetes: The FREEDOM Follow-On Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(6):629-638. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.11.001 · PMID 30428398C9G2
- Ferrannini G, De Bacquer D, De Backer G, Kotseva K, Mellbin L, Wood D, et al. Screening for Glucose Perturbations and Risk Factor Management in Dysglycemic Patients With Coronary Artery Disease-A Persistent Challenge in Need of Substantial Improvement: A Report From ESC EORP EUROASPIRE V. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(4):726-733. doi:10.2337/dc19-2165 · PMID 32079627G3
- Ferrannini G, Tuomilehto J, De Backer G, Kotseva K, Mellbin L, Schnell O, et al. Dysglycaemia screening and its prognostic impact in patients with coronary artery disease: experiences from the EUROASPIRE IV and V cohort studies. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2024;12(11):790-798. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00201-8 · PMID 39326426G3
- Frías JP, Davies MJ, Rosenstock J, Pérez Manghi FC, Fernández Landó L, Bergman BK, et al. Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(6):503-515. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2107519 · PMID 34170647I1
- Fu EL, Patorno E, Everett BM, Vaduganathan M, Solomon SD, Levin R, et al. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors vs. sitagliptin in heart failure and type 2 diabetes: an observational cohort study. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(24):2216-2230. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad273 · PMID 37259575G3
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- Wing RR, Lang W, Wadden TA, Safford M, Knowler WC, Bertoni AG, et al. Benefits of modest weight loss in improving cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2011;34(7):1481-6. doi:10.2337/dc10-2415 · PMID 21593294H3
- Wiviott SD, Raz I, Bonaca MP, Mosenzon O, Kato ET, Cahn A, et al. Dapagliflozin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(4):347-357. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1812389 · PMID 30415602C5C7G2I1
- Writing Committee Members, Ndumele CE, Rodriguez F, Dixon DL, Khan SS, Mukherjee D, et al. 2026 AHA/ACC/ADA/ASN Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2026;154(4):e50-e158. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001453 · PMID 42263157G1
- Zannad F, Cannon CP, Cushman WC, Bakris GL, Menon V, Perez AT, et al. Heart failure and mortality outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes taking alogliptin versus placebo in EXAMINE: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2015;385(9982):2067-76. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62225-X · PMID 25765696C5G2I1
- Zareini B, Blanche P, D'Souza M, Elmegaard Malik M, Nørgaard CH, Selmer C, et al. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Impact of Heart Failure on Prognosis Compared to Other Cardiovascular Diseases: A Nationwide Study. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2020;13(7):e006260. doi:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.119.006260 · PMID 32571092G3
- Zinman B, Wanner C, Lachin JM, Fitchett D, Bluhmki E, Hantel S, et al. Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(22):2117-28. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1504720 · PMID 26378978C5C7G2H5I1
- Zoungas S, Chalmers J, Neal B, Billot L, Li Q, Hirakawa Y, et al. Follow-up of blood-pressure lowering and glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(15):1392-406. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1407963 · PMID 25234206I1
- Zoungas S, Arima H, Gerstein HC, Holman RR, Woodward M, Reaven P, et al. Effects of intensive glucose control on microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised controlled trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017;5(6):431-437. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30104-3 · PMID 28365411C7H1H5
- Álvarez-Guisasola F, Quesada JA, López-Pineda A, García RN, Carratalá-Munuera C, Gil-Guillén VF, et al. Multicausal analysis of mortality due to diabetes mellitus in Spain, 2016-2018. Prim Care Diabetes. 2024;18(2):138-145. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2024.01.013 · PMID 38326176H2
Otros documentos con DOI (3)
- Artola Menéndez S, García Soidán FJ. Actualización del algoritmo de tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 redGDPS 2026. Diabetes práctica. 2026. doi:10.52102/diabet/pract.2025.4.art1G1
- García Soidán FJ. Algoritmo de tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. RedGDPS 2023. diabetpract. 2023;14(2):43-52. doi:10.52102/diabet/pract.2023.2.art2G1
- Mediavilla Bravo JJ. Algoritmo de tratamiento de la enfermedad renal crónica en las personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 redGDPS 2022. diabetpract. 2023;14(S2):3-4. doi:10.52102/diabet/pract.renal.art1G1
Fichas técnicas (CIMA, AEMPS) (46)
- Ficha técnica de acarbosa. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 70451C3
- Ficha técnica de alogliptina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 113844021C3C4I1
- Ficha técnica de canagliflozina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 113884002C3C10I1
- Ficha técnica de dapagliflozina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 112795007C1C3C4C7C10D4I1
- Ficha técnica de dapagliflozina y metformina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 113900009I1
- Ficha técnica de dulaglutida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 114956002C3C4D4I1
- Ficha técnica de empagliflozina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 114930014C1C3C4C7C10D4I1
- Ficha técnica de empagliflozina y linagliptina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1161146005I1
- Ficha técnica de empagliflozina y metformina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1151003032I1
- Ficha técnica de enalapril. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 57789C10
- Ficha técnica de ertugliflozina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1181267002C3I1
- Ficha técnica de ertugliflozina y metformina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1181265011I1
- Ficha técnica de finerenona. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1211616002C1C3C4C7C10D4I1
- Ficha técnica de finerenona. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1211616007C3
- Ficha técnica de finerenona. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1211616012C3
- Ficha técnica de glibenclamida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 50337C3
- Ficha técnica de gliclazida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 71738C1C3C4D4I1
- Ficha técnica de glimepirida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 61406C3C4I1
- Ficha técnica de glipizida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 51293C3
- Ficha técnica de insulina asparta. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 99119009C3D4
- Ficha técnica de insulina degludec. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 112807004C3I1
- Ficha técnica de insulina glargina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 00134033C3C4D4I1
- Ficha técnica de insulina glargina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 100133034C3I1
- Ficha técnica de insulina glulisina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 04285032C3
- Ficha técnica de insulina lispro. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 96007031C3
- Ficha técnica de irbesartán. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 97046022C10
- Ficha técnica de linagliptina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 11707004C3C4C7I1
- Ficha técnica de liraglutida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 09529002D4
- Ficha técnica de liraglutida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 115992002C3
- Ficha técnica de liraglutida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 89788C3C4I1
- Ficha técnica de losartán. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 64971C10
- Ficha técnica de metformina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 55211C3C7D4I1
- Ficha técnica de metformina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 68167C1C3C4H3
- Ficha técnica de metformina y canagliflozina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 114918011I1
- Ficha técnica de pioglitazona. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 00150004C1C3C4I1
- Ficha técnica de repaglinida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 98076012C3
- Ficha técnica de saxagliptina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 09545006C3C4I1
- Ficha técnica de semaglutida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 117251002C1C3C4C7C10D4I1
- Ficha técnica de semaglutida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1201430017C3C4C7D4I1
- Ficha técnica de semaglutida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1211608010C3H3
- Ficha técnica de semaglutida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1211608023C3
- Ficha técnica de semaglutida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1211608025C3
- Ficha técnica de sitagliptina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 07383014C3C4I1
- Ficha técnica de tirzepatida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1221685049C1C3C4C7D4I1
- Ficha técnica de tirzepatida. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 1221685055H3
- Ficha técnica de vildagliptina. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Centro de Información online de Medicamentos (CIMA). Consultada el 14/11/2026. CIMA, registro 07414003C3C4I1
